Numbers 35:21
Or in enmity smite him with his hand, that he die: he that smote him shall surely be put to death; for he is a murderer: the revenger of blood shall slay the murderer, when he meeteth him.
Numbers 35:21 · King James Version
Meaning
This verse from the book of Numbers in the Bible outlines the principle of eye for an eye, also known as the law of retaliation or lex talionis. It establishes a clear guideline for justice in cases of intentional harm or murder. The verse explains that if someone intentionally kills another person, they should be put to death as punishment for being a murderer. This concept of justice was crucial in ancient societies to maintain order and deter people from committing acts of violence. It also emphasizes the importance of seeking justice for the victim through the act of retaliation. The "revenger of blood" mentioned in the verse refers to the designated individual who has the responsibility to carry out this retaliation and ensure that justice is served. Overall, this verse reflects the seriousness with which ancient societies regarded acts of violence and the importance of upholding justice for the victims.
Theological Overview
In this verse, we see a clear guideline for justice in the ancient Israelite society. The concept of "eye for an eye, tooth for a tooth" is prevalent here, as it dictates that if someone intentionally kills another person out of enmity, they must face the same fate. This principle was meant to ensure fair retribution and deter individuals from committing acts of violence. The term "revenger of blood" refers to a person who seeks justice for the victim by avenging their death. This role was crucial in maintaining order and upholding the value of human life. From a theological perspective, this verse highlights the importance of accountability and the sanctity of life in the eyes of God. It serves as a reminder that all actions have consequences, and justice must be served for the sake of righteousness and moral order.
Numbers 35:21 in other translations
American Standard Version
or in enmity smote him with his hand, so that he died; he that smote him shall surely be put to death; he is a murderer: the avenger of blood shall put the murderer to death, when he meeteth him.
World English Bible
or in hostility struck him with his hand, so that he died, he who struck him shall surely be put to death. He is a murderer. The avenger of blood shall put the murderer to death, when he meets him.
Douay-Rheims
Or being his enemy, strike him with his hand, and he die: the striker shall be guilty of murder: the kinsman of him that was slain as soon as he findeth him, shall kill him.
Geneva Bible (1599)
Or smite him through enimitie with his hand, that he die, he that smote him shall die ye death: for hee is a murtherer: the reuenger of the blood shall slay the murtherer when he meeteth him.